The dojo is more than a training hall—it's a place of respect and tradition. Understanding dojo etiquette helps you integrate into the Judo community and shows respect for the art, your instructors, and your training partners.

The Meaning of Reigi

Reigi (礼儀) refers to etiquette and proper behavior in Judo. The term combines "rei" (respect, bow) with "gi" (manner, form). Jigoro Kano considered reigi essential to Judo training—not as empty formality, but as the outward expression of inner respect and self-discipline.

Entering and Leaving the Dojo

The Bow

Bow when entering and leaving the dojo area. This is typically a standing bow (ritsurei) facing the training area. You're showing respect to the dojo itself and acknowledging that you're entering a special space dedicated to training.

Footwear

Never wear shoes on the mat. Use sandals or flip-flops to walk from the changing area to the mat edge, then remove them before stepping onto the training surface. This keeps the mat clean and hygienic—you and your partners will be falling on it repeatedly.

Arriving Late

If you arrive after class has begun, wait at the edge of the mat until the instructor acknowledges you. Bow, then join the class. Never walk across the training area while instruction is happening.

During Class

Listening and Attention

When the instructor is speaking or demonstrating, give them your full attention. Sit or stand still, face the instructor, and avoid side conversations. If you can't see, move quietly to a better position.

Bowing to Partners

Before and after practicing with a partner, bow to each other. This exchange of bows is an agreement—you're acknowledging each other as training partners and committing to practice safely and respectfully. In Japanese, this is often accompanied by "onegaishimasu" (please, I request) before practice and "arigatou gozaimashita" (thank you very much) after.

Sitting Properly

When sitting on the mat, use either seiza (formal kneeling position) or cross-legged position (anza). Avoid sitting with your legs extended toward others or the instructor—this is considered disrespectful in Japanese culture.

Leaving the Mat

If you need to leave the mat during training (for water, bathroom, etc.), ask permission from the instructor. Bow when stepping off and back onto the mat.

The Judogi (Uniform)

Wearing It Correctly

  • The jacket lapel should cross left over right (right over left is how the deceased are dressed in Japan)
  • Keep your judogi clean and in good repair
  • Tie your belt properly so it doesn't come undone during practice
  • If your judogi comes untied during training, step to the edge of the mat to fix it

Hygiene

  • Wash your judogi after every training session
  • Keep fingernails and toenails short to prevent scratching partners
  • Remove all jewelry before training
  • If you have long hair, tie it back securely
  • Do not train if you have any contagious skin conditions

"Judo begins and ends with a bow."

— Traditional Judo Saying

Respect for Rank

In Judo, higher-ranked students and instructors are shown respect not because they're "better" as people, but because they have more experience and knowledge to share. This hierarchical structure helps maintain order and facilitates learning.

  • Address your instructor as "Sensei" (teacher)
  • When lining up, higher ranks stand to the right (or front, depending on dojo customs)
  • If a senior student offers advice or correction, listen respectfully
  • When you become more experienced, help newer students as you were helped

Safety Etiquette

Many etiquette rules exist for safety reasons:

  • Tap out: If you're in a submission and need to stop, tap your partner clearly two or three times. Honor your partner's tap immediately.
  • Watch where you practice: Be aware of other pairs training near you to avoid collisions.
  • Report injuries: If you're hurt, tell your instructor. Training through serious pain can make injuries worse.
  • Control your strength: Especially with smaller or less experienced partners, use technique rather than power.

Why It Matters

Some beginners wonder if all these rules are really necessary. Can't we just train without all the formality? The answer lies in understanding what Judo really is.

Judo is a martial art—a practice that involves real physical danger. Etiquette creates a culture of mutual respect and awareness that keeps everyone safe. When you bow to a partner, you're acknowledging them as a person, not just a body to throw. When you tap out and your partner releases immediately, you're experiencing the trust that makes hard training possible.

Conclusion

Dojo etiquette might feel strange at first, especially if you're from a culture where bowing isn't common. But over time, these rituals become natural—and you'll come to appreciate how they create a unique atmosphere of respect and focus. Remember that every black belt in the room once walked in as confused as you might feel now. Follow their example, ask questions when unsure, and let the etiquette become part of your Judo practice.